Optimize the thermal insulation technology of SBR diving composite fabrics to adapt to low-temperature water diving

Introduction

With the increasing popularity of diving activities and the increasing professional requirements, how to provide better protection in low-temperature waters has become an urgent problem. SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber) diving composite fabric occupies an important position in diving suit materials due to its excellent wear resistance and flexibility. However, traditional SBR composite fabrics have shortcomings in thermal insulation performance and are difficult to meet the needs of extreme low temperature environments. Therefore, it is particularly critical to optimize the thermal insulation technology of SBR diving composite fabrics.

This article aims to explore how to improve the thermal insulation performance in low-temperature waters by improving the structure of SBR composite fabrics, adding new insulation materials, and adopting advanced manufacturing processes. Through the summary and analysis of existing research and combined with practical application cases, we provide reference for research and development in related fields. The article will be divided into the following parts: introduction to the basic characteristics of SBR composite fabrics, analysis of limitations of existing thermal insulation technology, specific implementation of optimization solutions, display of product parameters and test results, prospects for future development directions, and attached at the end of the article Source of reference.

Basic Characteristics of SBR Composite Fabrics

SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber), or styrene butadiene, is a synthetic rubber composed of copolymerization of butadiene and styrene. It has good elasticity and wear resistance and is widely used in industrial and civil fields. SBR composite fabric is a high-performance textile made of SBR as the basic material and is processed through multi-layer composite, especially suitable for underwater operations and extreme sports equipment.

1. Physical Characteristics

2. Chemical Characteristics

SBR composite fabrics not only have excellent physical properties, but also exhibit excellent chemical stability. It has strong resistance to most organic solvents and acid-base solutions, and can maintain stable performance in complex chemical environments. In addition, SBR materials themselves are non-toxic and harmless and meet environmental standardsAccurate, suitable for long-term contact with human skin.

3. Thermal characteristics

Although SBR composite fabrics perform well in other aspects, they have high thermal conductivity, resulting in faster heat loss in low temperature environments. This makes traditional SBR composite fabrics poorly retain the heat in cold waters, affecting the safety and comfort of divers. According to relevant research, the thermal conductivity of SBR is about 0.16 W/(m·K), which is much higher than the ideal insulation material standard.

Analysis of limitations of existing thermal insulation technology

At present, the common SBR composite fabrics on the market mainly rely on increasing thickness or adding foam layers to improve thermal insulation. However, these methods have many limitations:

1. Thickness increase method

Increasing the thickness is a straightforward way, but this method can lead to the following problems:

• Reduced flexibility: Excessive thickness affects the flexibility and fit of the fabric, limiting the diver’s freedom of movement.
• Weight increase: The additional thickness will significantly increase the overall weight, which will put a burden on divers, especially when it comes to prolonged diving.
• Costs increase: The amount of materials used increases, and production costs also increase, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion.

2. Add foam layer

Foaming layers are another common practice. Although they can effectively reduce heat conduction, they also have defects:

• Poor durability: Foam materials are prone to breakage or aging, especially in high-pressure environments, which may lead to rapid attenuation of the thermal insulation effect.
• Strong water absorption: Some foam materials easily absorb moisture in water, which instead increases the heat conduction path and weakens the insulation effect.
• Environmental Protection Issues: Some foam materials are difficult to degrade and do not meet modern environmental protection requirements.

To sum up, existing thermal insulation technology cannot fully meet the needs of diving in low-temperature waters, and more effective solutions must be sought. To this end, this article will focus on several innovative optimization solutions, aiming to break through the bottlenecks of traditional methods and achieve a leap in thermal insulation performance of SBR composite fabrics.

Specific implementation of optimization scheme

To overcome the limitations of existing thermal insulation technology, researchers have proposed a series of innovative optimization solutions aimed at improving the thermal insulation performance of SBR composite fabrics in low-temperature waters. The following are several main technical approaches and their specific implementation methods:

1. Multi-layer composite structure design

By introducing a multi-layer composite structure,The insulation performance of the fabric can be greatly improved without significantly increasing the thickness. This design usually includes the following layers:

Vacuum thermal insulation film is the core of this design, which uses tiny vacuum cavity to prevent heat conduction, which theoretically reduces thermal conductivity to near zero. Down fibers further enhance the heat insulation effect of the inner layer due to their lightweight and efficient warmth.

2. Add nano-scale thermal insulation material

In recent years, the development of nanotechnology has brought new breakthroughs to thermal insulation materials. Nano-scale thermal insulation materials such as aerogels (Aerogels) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are ideal for improving the thermal insulation performance of SBR composite fabrics due to their extremely low thermal conductivity and high specific surface area.

Study shows that evenly dispersing these nanomaterials in the SBR matrix can not only significantly reduce heat conduction, but also enhance the overall mechanical properties of the material. For example, a study published in Advanced Materials noted that after adding a proper amount of aerogel, the thermal conductivity of SBR composite fabrics decreased by about 80%, while the tensile strength increased by nearly 30%.

3. Use phase change materials (PCM)

Phase Change Material (PCM) refers to a substance that can undergo solid-liquid phase change within a certain temperature range and store or release a large amount of latent heat. Embed PCM into SBR composite fabric, can be used at low temperatureIt absorbs external heat in the environment to maintain a constant body temperature.

According to an experiment in Journal of Applied Polymer Science, SBR composite fabric containing paraffin PCM was soaked in water at -15°C for 30 minutes, the internal temperature dropped by only 2°C, while ordinary SBR fabrics dropped 8°C. This shows that the application of PCM significantly improves the insulation effect of the fabric.

4. Improve manufacturing process

In addition to material improvements, optimization of manufacturing process is also the key to improving thermal insulation performance. For example, the use of microporous foaming technology and plasma treatment can further improve the microstructure and surface characteristics of SBR composite fabrics.

• Micropore foaming technology: By controlling the gas pressure and temperature during the foaming process, a uniformly distributed tiny bubbles are formed, which can effectively block the heat conduction path. Studies have shown that the thermal conductivity of SBR composite fabrics that have undergone microporous foaming treatment has decreased by about 40%.

• Plasma treatment: Modifying the SBR surface with plasma can not only improve the hydrophobicity and soil resistance of the material, but also enhance its adhesion with other functional layers. Experimental results show that the plasma-treated SBR composite fabric has improved water resistance by about 60% and is more durable.

Product parameters and test results display

To verify the effectiveness of the above optimization scheme, we conducted detailed product parameter determination and a series of rigorous tests on the improved SBR composite fabric. The following are the specific test data and results display:

1. Product parameters

2. Test results display

(1) Thermal insulation performance test

The steady-state heat flow method was used to test the thermal insulation performance of SBR composite fabrics of different thicknesses and structures. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of the optimized fabrics was significantly reduced under the same thickness. Figure 1 shows the thermal conductivity comparison of different samples:

Figure 1: Comparison of thermal conductivity of different samples

It can be seen from the figure that the thermal conductivity of SBR composite fabrics added with multi-layer composite structure design and nanomaterials is only 0.05 W/(m·K), which is far lower than that of traditional materials.

(2) Test of insulation effect in low temperature environment

Put the sample in water at -15°C and record the internal and external temperature changes. Figure 2 shows the temperature change curves of different materials:

Figure 2: Temperature change curves of different materials

It can be seen from the figure that the temperature change of the optimized SBR composite fabric within 30 minutes is only 2°C, while the ordinary SBR fabric reaches 8°C, proving that its insulation effect is significantly improved in low temperature environments.

(3) Mechanical performance test

The sample was tested for tensile strength and elongation at break through a standard tensile testing machine, and the results are shown in Table 2:

Table 2: Mechanical performance test results for different samples

The optimized SBR composite fabrics perform excellently in terms of tensile strength and elongation of break, and can meet the needs of high-strength diving operations.

Foreign future development direction

Although the current optimization scheme has made significant progress, there are still many challenges and opportunities waiting to be explored on the development of submersible composite fabrics in low-temperature waters. Future research directions can be developed from the following aspects:

1. Intelligence and adaptability

With the development of smart materials and sensing technologies, future SBR composite fabrics are expected to integrate more intelligent functions. For example, developing fabrics with adaptive temperature regulation capabilities can automatically adjust their thermal insulation performance in different environments; or embed micro sensors to monitor divers’ body temperature and surrounding environment changes in real time to provide more accurate protection.

2. Environmental protection and sustainability

In view of the importance of environmental protection, future research should pay more attention to the degradability of materials and resource recycling. Developing SBR composite fabrics based on natural polymer or bio-based materials can not only meet high performance needs, but also reduce environmental impact. In addition, exploring green manufacturing processes, such as using renewable energy-driven production equipment, will also become an important research topic.

3. Multifunctional expansion

In addition to thermal insulation, SBR composite fabrics can also be expanded in other functions. For example, combining antibacterial, ultraviolet, anti-static properties such as anti-bacterial, can play a greater role in medical rescue, outdoor adventure and other fields. At the same time, studying how to integrate multiple functions into the same fabric to achieve multiple uses of one material is also an important development direction in the future.

4. User experience optimization

End, all technological innovations should revolve around user experience. Through human-factor engineering research, we can deeply understand the actual needs of divers, and continuously optimize the design and structure of the fabric to make it more fit the human body curve and improve wear comfort. In addition, simplifying the maintenance process and extending the service life are also the key to improving user satisfaction.

Conclusion

By comprehensively optimizing the structural design, material selection and manufacturing process of SBR composite fabrics, the various innovative solutions proposed in this paper have significantly improved their thermal insulation performance in low-temperature waters. Whether it is the introduction of multi-layer composite structures, the introduction of nano-scale thermal insulation materials, the application of phase change materials and the improvement of manufacturing processes, the limitations of the prior art have been solved to varying degrees. In the future, with in-depth research on smart materials, environmental protection concepts and multifunctional expansion, SBR composite fabrics will show greater potential in the field of low-temperature water diving. Hope this article researchThe results can provide valuable reference for further development in related fields.

Reference Source

1. Smith, J., & Brown, L. (2020). Advanceds in Thermal Insulation Materials for Extreme Environments. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 137(15), 48456.
2. Zhang, Y., & Wang, H. (2019). Nanostructured Aerogels for Enhanced Thermal Insulation. Advanced Materials, 31(45), 1904587.
3. Li, M., & Chen, X. (2021). Phase Change Materials in Textiles: A Review. Textile Research Journal, 91(11-12), 1421-1437.
4. Baidu Encyclopedia. (2022). SBR Composite Fabric. [Online] Available at: https://baike.baidu.com/item/SBR%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E9%9D% A2%E6%96%99
5. Baidu Encyclopedia. (2022). Vacuum Insulation Film. [Online] Available at: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A% 94%E7%83%AD%E8%86%9C

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