Polyester fabric flame retardant, waterproof and soft bath finishing
Abstract:
Use fire retardant TF-612 and water repellent agent TG-580 and softener TF-438, which are well compatible with it, to treat polyester fabrics. Fireproof, water-blocking, and soft finishing, the performance indicators of the step-by-step method and the one-bath method were compared, and the one-bath finishing process for fireproof, water-blocking, and soft polyester fabrics was selected: TF-612 200g/L, TG-580 4g /L, TF-438 10g/L, bake at 170℃ for 2 minutes. After finishing, the fire resistance of the fabric can reach the B1 level standard in GB.
Keywords: finishing; one-bath method; fabric; polyethylene terephthalate fiber
Preface:
Fires caused by fabrics have been on the rise in recent years, among which Bedding, decorative fabrics and clothing fabrics are the main causes of fires [1]. Therefore, domestic and foreign countries attach great importance to the research on fire protection of fabrics. Many developed countries such as the United States have special regulations on application fields such as pajamas for the elderly and children, bedding, hotels, aviation decorative fabrics, and storage tarpaulins, stipulating that they must be Use fire-resistant fabrics. Foreign fire protection technology has a long history, and the production and consumption of fire retardants has reached a considerable scale. Fire retardants have become the second largest category of additives after plasticizers. The progress of fire protection technology and fire retardant agents in my country is relatively slow. In the mid-1990s, the national output of fire retardant agents was about a thousand tons, mainly used for plastics, while there were only more than ten kinds of products for fabrics, and very few of them had production scale. Far from meeting market demand. To this end, we have developed a fire retardant agent TF-612 for polyester fabrics and have put it into production. According to market demand, most fire-retardant fabrics need to be water-repellent and soft at the same time, and the fabric usually feels worse after being treated with fire-retardant finishing. Therefore, one-bath finishing processes such as fire protection, water repellency, and softness are very popular among dyeing and finishing factories. However, according to relevant literature reports and our verification through a large number of experiments, fire retardants and water retardants or softeners generally have poor compatibility and have a large mutual influence on their performance. It is difficult to finish using the three-bath method. In view of the above situation, this project strives to screen water-blocking agents and softeners that are well compatible with the fire retardant agent TF-612, and explore the step-by-step finishing and one-bath finishing processes for fire retardant, water-repellent, and softening. Printing and dyeing factories provide reference processes.
1 Test
1.1 Materials and instruments
1.1.1 Fabric black polyester pongee
1.1.2 Drugs
Fire retardant agent TF-612 [colorless, weak cationic Property, solid content (30±2)%, pH value 5~7, easily soluble in water]; water blocking agent TG-580, TG-410H, TG-527A; softener TF-452, TF-438, TF -437; penetrating agent JFC; modified low-formaldehyde melamine resin (the above are all produced by Zhejiang Chuanhua Co., Ltd.); magnesium chloride (CP grade, Shanghai Pharmaceutical Chemical Co., Ltd.).
1.1.3 Instruments and equipment
YG(B)815D-I type (vertical method) fabric fire performance tester, Y(B)813 type fabric moisture meter, DatacolorSpectflash SF300 computer color measuring instrument , Y 571B friction fastness tester, electronic fabric strength machine (YG026B type), electronic balance (accuracy is 0.01g), VPM-1A rolling car, PT-2A hot air tenter setting machine.
1.2 Post-finishing process
Prepare the post-finishing liquid → One dip and one rolling (pressure 29.8N/cm2) → Baking (170℃×2min) → Equilibrate at room temperature for 24 hours. The post-finishing liquid formula is shown in Table 1 .
1.3 Fabric performance test
1.3.1 Fire performance test
According to GB/T5455-1997, which is equivalent to ISO6941:1992 (Determination of flame spread performance of vertical specimens for burning properties of fabrics) method test. Level B1: damaged charcoal length ≤15cm, afterburning time ≤5s, smoldering time ≤5s; Level B2: damaged charcoal length ≤20cm, afterburning time ≤10s, smoldering time ≤10s.
1.3.2 Water-blocking performance test
Test the water-blocking property according to the AATCC-22 standard, and the best score is 100 points.
1.3.3 Handle test
The hand feel of the original cloth is rated as 5 points, and the hand feel evaluation is divided into 10 points for good and 0 points for poor. The scores will be subjectively evaluated by at least 3 people and the average will be taken. The larger the data, the better the feel.
1.3.4 Strength test
Tested according to the method of GB/T3923.1-1997 (Tensile properties of fabrics Part 1 Determination conditions of breaking strength and breaking elongation).
1.3.5 Color change test
Use the fabric before treatment as the standard sample, and the fabric sample after treatment as the test sample, and test on DatacolorSpectflashSF300. ΔL’ represents the difference in lightness. The larger the value, the greater the depth difference from the original cloth; Δa’ represents the complete difference between red and green. The more positive it is, the more reddish it is; Δb’ represents the complete difference between yellow and blue. The more positive it is, the more complete it is. It is yellowish; ΔE represents the total color difference value. The larger the value, the greater the total color difference from the original cloth.
1.3.6 Dry rubbing and wet rubbing fastness test
Tested according to GB/T3920-1997 method.
2 Results and Discussion
2.1 Screening of Water Repellent Agents
In order to make the mixing of fire retardant and water repellent agents safer Stable, based on the principle of ionic compatibility, three water-repellent agents with better water-blocking properties, TG-580, TG-410H, and TG-527A, were initially selected. The finishing fluid was prepared according to the formula in Table 1. The test results are as follows Table 2
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